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General elections were held in Fiji on 17 September 2014,〔("PM Bainimarama – A Strategic Framework for Change" ), Fiji government website, 1 July 2009〕〔http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-26781618〕 to select the 50 members of the Fijian parliament. The previous Prime Minister, Frank Bainimarama, was re-elected. Prior to the election Bainimarama was an Independent but stood for the FijiFirst Party in 2014. The Social Democratic Liberal Party and the National Federation Party both got over 5%, the threshold for a party or independent to have seats in the parliament.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Voter guide )〕 The elections were originally scheduled for March 2009, but were not held then because politicians did not agree to the People's Charter for Change, Peace and Progress. Between 2009 and 2014 many public announcements and requests were made and on 23 March 2014 the interim government announced the election would be held on 17 September 2014. The elections were to be held under the new constitution which lowered the voting age to 18 and gave the right of multiple citizenship to Fijians for the first time. ==Background== After the Fijian military coup of 5 December 2006, the new interim prime minister Jona Senilagakali announced that elections would take place held "hopefully in 12 months, two years". Later it was made clear that none of the ministers in the interim government would be allowed to contest the elections.〔()〕 On 6 January 2007 Commodore Frank Bainimarama, the leader of the coup, succeeded Senilagakali as interim Prime Minister. On 29 January 2007, Bainimarama announced that the next election would be around five years away. He informed a visiting regional delegation on 30–31 January that elections would have to wait until a census had been completed, a new voters' roll compiled, and boundaries of electoral districts defined.〔()〕 Meanwhile, interim Attorney-General Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum suggested using electronic voting to shorten the period of time for counting votes (previously over ten days), and thereby reduce the potential for election rigging. Later, Bainimarama announced changes to the electoral system that would abolish the race-based constituencies and that elections would take place in 2010. It was later clarified that the interim administration has no mandate for electoral and constitutional reform, as such changes have to go through the parliamentary process; as such, the proposed 2010 election would take place under the current race-based system, but Bainimarama stated he wished the next government to change the electoral system.〔()〕 In mid-June 2007, Bainimarama gave in to demands from the European Union, Australia and New Zealand to hold polls by 28 February 2009; he also requested assistance with election preparations.〔 〕 The deposed Prime Minister, Laisenia Qarase, stated he would contest the elections.〔()〕 By contrast, Bainimarama said that he had no intention of taking part in the election.〔("Fiji’s PM opts out of Politics" ), Radio Fiji, 23 October 2007〕 In March 2008, responding to regional pressure for concrete evidence of his commitment to hold elections in 2009, Bainimarama argued: :"Elections are central to democracy but they are not always, on their own, a magic or quick-fix solution. How can an election, on its own, make a difference when it is based on divisive and race based communal electoral arrangements? How can an election, on its own, solve the deep differences that our constitution has perpetuated between the different races in our country? Unless there are fundamental reforms, how can an election succeed where it will take us straight back to the grimy old politics of self interest, cronyism and scam mongering?" In April 2008, Finance Minister Mahendra Chaudhry stated that it was necessary to complete and implement the People's Charter for Change and Progress before holding any elections.〔("Stop pressuring Fiji for early elections-Chaudhry" ), FijiVillage, 7 April 2008〕 In May, Commodore Bainimarama said that elections would not take place in March 2009 unless politicians agreed to the Charter.〔("Agree With Charter Or No Elections" ), FijiVillage, 22 May 2008〕 Ousted Vice-President Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi remarked that the next election would likely be won by "a Fijian-dominated political party" (meaning indigenous-dominated), and asked what the military would do in such a case. Bainimarama stated that Qarase's Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua party would be authorised to take part in the election, but that, if elected, Qarase would have to abide by the People's Charter. He would not be authorised to introduce or re-introduce policies – such as the Reconciliation, Tolerance and Unity Bill- which Bainimarama perceived to be racist. Bainimarama warned Qarase publicly that doing so would result in a new coup: "If you do it, I'll remove you."〔("On my terms: Bainimarama points way ahead" ), ''Fiji Times'', 1 June 2008 〕 In March 2010, however, Bainimarama stated that "any politician who has played a role in the country's politics, since 1987" would be prevented from standing for election. The rationale was that "Fiji needs new politicians".〔("Fiji regime to ban established politicians from 2014 election" ), Australian Broadcasting Corporation 〕 The Charter would serve as a guideline in this respect. Attorney-General Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum stated that "the People's Charter sets a trend or course for which the people of Fiji should actually assess political parties on and political parties that are essentially try () to contest elections purely based on ethnic politics would not be entertained by the people of Fiji".〔("Confusion over eligibility of 2009 Fiji election" ), Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, 23 October 2007〕 Despite his earlier commitment not to run, Bainimarama founded and led the Fiji First party into the election. Mahendra Chaudhry was ruled to be ineligible to stand for election.〔(Fiji labour leader Mahendra Chaudhry ruled out of elections ), abc.net.au, 19 Aug 2014〕 A media blackout on campaign activities ran from Monday to Wednesday, the election day. The ban included newspapers, radio, television, campaign poster and social media posts by any Fijian.〔(Fiji election: Media blackout comes into effect as polling day nears ), Liam Fox, abc.net.au, 15 September 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fijian general election, 2014」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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